Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) | High-Performance Coagulant for Water & Wastewater Treatment

📌 Detailed Introduction of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC)

✔ What is Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC)?

Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) is a highly efficient inorganic polymer coagulant primarily used for water purification, industrial wastewater treatment, and sludge dewatering. It is formulated from aluminum hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, and other reactants, offering fast floc formation, strong adsorption capacity, and low residual aluminum content in treated water.

✔ CAS Number & Chemical Formula:

• CAS Number: 1327-41-9

• Chemical Formula: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">Al2(OH)nCl6−nAl₂(OH)nCl₆-n</math>Al2(OH)nCl6−n

📌 Types of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) & Their Applications

📌 Applications of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) in Various Industries

✔ Water Treatment Industry

• Drinking Water Purification: Used in municipal and industrial water treatment plants to remove turbidity, bacteria, and organic matter.

• Industrial & Municipal Wastewater Treatment: Efficiently removes suspended solids, heavy metals, and oil contaminants.

• Sewage & Sludge Treatment: Enhances sludge settling and dewatering for easier disposal.

✔ Paper & Pulp Industry

• Retention Aid & Fixing Agent: Improves fiber and filler retention, reducing chemical usage.

• Effluent Treatment: Removes residual dyes, pulp fibers, and organic waste from paper mill wastewater.

✔ Textile & Dyeing Industry

• Color Removal & Effluent Clarification: Effectively coagulates dye molecules and residual chemicals, ensuring cleaner discharge.

• pH Adjustment in Processing Water: Controls alkalinity and improves dyeing efficiency.

✔ Oil & Gas Industry

• Oil Refinery Wastewater Treatment: Removes hydrocarbons and suspended contaminants.

• Drilling Fluid Additive: PAC improves drilling mud stability and filtration control.

✔ Food & Beverage Industry

• Sugar & Beverage Processing: Used for juice clarification and sugar refining.

• Food-Grade Water Treatment: Ensures safe water supply in food manufacturing.

📌 Production Method & Raw Materials

✔ Raw Materials Used:

• Aluminum Hydroxide <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">Al(OH)3Al(OH)₃</math>Al(OH)3

• Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)

• Sulfuric Acid (optional, for adjustment)

✔ Production Process:

1. Reaction: Aluminum hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid under controlled conditions.

2. Polymerization: The mixture undergoes polymerization to form polyaluminium chloride.

3. Purification & Filtration: The solution is purified to remove insoluble impurities.

4. Drying & Packaging: The liquid is either sold as is or spray-dried into powder form.

📌 Product Specifications (Example for PAC Powder - Industrial Grade)

📌 Famous Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) Brands Worldwide

• GEO Specialty Chemicals – USA

• Feralco – Europe

• Kemira – Finland

• Jiangsu Khonor Chemicals Co., Limited – China

📌 Why Choose Jiangsu Khonor Chemicals Co., Limited?

✔ High-Purity & Industrial Grade PAC Available
✔ Customizable Al₂O₃ Content & Basicity for Different Applications
✔ ISO & SGS Certified Production
✔ Reliable Supply Chain & Competitive Pricing
✔ Fast Global Shipping & Custom Packaging

📌 Order High-Quality Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) from Jiangsu Khonor Chemicals Co., Limited Today!

Looking for a trusted supplier of Polyaluminium Chloride (PAC)? Jiangsu Khonor Chemicals Co., Limited provides premium-grade PAC with bulk pricing and fast delivery.

📞 Contact us now for quotations & technical specifications!

Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC) in Water Treatment

Introduction

Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC) is a widely utilized coagulant in the water treatment industry, known for its effectiveness in clarifying water by removing suspended particles, colloids, and other impurities. This article provides an in-depth exploration of PAC, including its composition, applications, mechanisms of action, advantages, and environmental considerations within the context of water treatment.

Composition of PAC

PAC is derived from aluminum-based chemicals and typically consists of polymeric aluminum species with varying degrees of polymerization. The chemical composition of PAC can vary based on manufacturing processes and specific application requirements. However, the most common form contains aluminum hydroxide and chloride species in various proportions.

Applications of PAC in Water Treatment

1. Municipal Water Treatment: PAC is extensively used in municipal water treatment plants for the purification of raw water from natural sources such as rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. It aids in the removal of suspended solids, organic matter, and microorganisms, thereby improving water quality and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

2. Industrial Water Treatment: Various industries utilize PAC for the treatment of process water, cooling water, and wastewater effluents. It effectively coagulates and flocculates contaminants, including heavy metals, oils, greases, and industrial pollutants, facilitating their removal through sedimentation or filtration processes.

3. Potable Water Production: PAC plays a crucial role in the production of potable water by assisting in the removal of turbidity, color, odor, and taste compounds. Its use in drinking water treatment helps enhance clarity and microbiological safety, ensuring the delivery of safe and aesthetically pleasing drinking water to consumers.

4. Swimming Pool Treatment: PAC is also employed in swimming pool water treatment to maintain water clarity and hygiene by removing suspended particles, algae, and bacteria. It aids in the coagulation and filtration of impurities, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and safety of recreational water facilities.

Mechanisms of Action

1. Coagulation: PAC functions as a coagulant by neutralizing the negative charges on suspended particles and colloids, promoting their aggregation and formation of larger flocs. This process enhances the removal efficiency of particulate matter through sedimentation or filtration, resulting in clarified water.

2. Flocculation: In addition to coagulation, PAC facilitates flocculation by providing bridging sites for the formation of stable flocs. The polymerization of aluminum species within PAC molecules enhances floc formation and stability, further improving solid-liquid separation processes in water treatment.

3. pH Adjustment: PAC contributes to pH adjustment in water treatment systems by releasing hydroxide ions upon dissolution. This helps neutralize acidic or alkaline water conditions, optimizing coagulation-flocculation processes and improving overall treatment performance.

Advantages of PAC

1. High Coagulation Efficiency: PAC offers superior coagulation performance compared to traditional coagulants such as alum and ferric salts, resulting in faster and more effective removal of impurities from water.

2. Reduced Sludge Production: The use of PAC typically leads to lower sludge volumes due to its enhanced coagulation and flocculation properties, resulting in reduced disposal costs and environmental impacts associated with sludge handling.

3. Versatility: PAC is compatible with a wide range of water quality conditions and can be applied across various water treatment processes, making it a versatile solution for diverse applications in both municipal and industrial sectors.

Environmental Considerations

1. Aluminum Residue: While PAC itself is considered non-toxic, concerns have been raised regarding the accumulation of aluminum residues in treated water and its potential environmental impacts. Proper dosage control and monitoring are essential to minimize aluminum concentrations and ensure compliance with regulatory limits.

2. Biodegradability: PAC is biodegradable under certain conditions, although the degradation rate may vary depending on environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and microbial activity. Biodegradation studies and monitoring programs are essential to assess the long-term fate of PAC residues in natural ecosystems.

Conclusion

Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC) is a valuable coagulant widely employed in the water treatment industry for its efficiency, versatility, and effectiveness in clarifying water. While offering numerous advantages over traditional coagulants, it is essential to consider environmental implications and adopt responsible management practices to ensure sustainable water treatment operations. Continued research and innovation in PAC technology will further enhance its performance and contribute to the advancement of water treatment practices worldwide.